Factors influencing unpaid domestic work: Empirical evidence from India
By: Sinha, Aashima and Sahai, Ragini
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Material type: 
BookPublisher: IASSI Quarterly: Contribution to Indian Social Science Description: 40(3), Jul-Sep, 2021: p. 541-566.Subject(s): Unpaid, Domestic, Gender, Women, Time-use, India
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IASSI Quarterly: Contribution to Indian Social ScienceSummary: India experiences a significant gender gap in time spent on unpaid care work, that consists of domestic chores and care activities. According to the Indian Time Use Survey (ITUS)-2019 women in India spend on an average nearly ten times more time on unpaid domestic chores, and 3 times more on unpaid caregiving compared to men. Unequal sharing of unpaid care work has adverse implications for - labour market, education, and health outcomes, and overall gender equality. In this paper, we use data from ITUS-2019, to examine the potential factors that affect the time spent on domestic chores by men and women. We find statistically significant gender gap in the time spent on domestic chores that vary in magnitude across socioeconomic and demographic factors. Moreover, access to electricity, use of LPG for cooking, and outsourcing floor sweeping and cloth washing is significantly associated with lower time spent on domestic chores by both men and women, but by a greater margin for women. Social norms captured by religion and caste also show significant variation in time spent on domestic chores. We also find that married women spend the most time on domestic chores compared to the unmarried/single category and the gender gap is highest in the married category. Further, an increase in the level of education is associated with lower time spent on domestic work. Based on the findings, we make policy recommendations at four levels, namely household, society, state, and the market to reduce the burden of domestic chores and reorganize it at two levels - between men and women, and amongst household, state, and the market. – Reproduced
| Item type | Current location | Call number | Vol info | Status | Date due | Barcode |
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Articles
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Indian Institute of Public Administration | 40(3), Jul-Sep, 2021: p. 541-566 | Available | AR126229 |
India experiences a significant gender gap in time spent on unpaid care work, that consists of domestic chores and care activities. According to the Indian Time Use Survey (ITUS)-2019 women in India spend on an average nearly ten times more time on unpaid domestic chores, and 3 times more on unpaid caregiving compared to men. Unequal sharing of unpaid care work has adverse implications for - labour market, education, and health outcomes, and overall gender equality. In this paper, we use data from ITUS-2019, to examine the potential factors that affect the time spent on domestic chores by men and women. We find statistically significant gender gap in the time spent on domestic chores that vary in magnitude across socioeconomic and demographic factors. Moreover, access to electricity, use of LPG for cooking, and outsourcing floor sweeping and cloth washing is significantly associated with lower time spent on domestic chores by both men and women, but by a greater margin for women. Social norms captured by religion and caste also show significant variation in time spent on domestic chores. We also find that married women spend the most time on domestic chores compared to the unmarried/single category and the gender gap is highest in the married category. Further, an increase in the level of education is associated with lower time spent on domestic work. Based on the findings, we make policy recommendations at four levels, namely household, society, state, and the market to reduce the burden of domestic chores and reorganize it at two levels - between men and women, and amongst household, state, and the market. – Reproduced
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