Inequality of opportunity in India: Concept and measurement
By: Mehta Balwant Singh and Dhote, Siddarth
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Material type: 
BookPublisher: IASSI Quarterly: Contributions of Indian Social Science Description: 41(1& 2), Jan-Jun, 2022: p.165-183.Subject(s): Inequality of opportunity, Egalitarianism, Circumstances, Mean log deviation, Regression tree
In:
IASSI Quarterly: Contributions of Indian Social ScienceSummary: There are growing debates and discussions on limitations of inequality of outcome to explain the widening income inequalities within the country across the world. In this context, the scholars and public policy advocates are taking keen interest in measurement of inequality of opportunity (lOpj, which is based on the philosophical concept of distributive justice. In this article, we have discussed evolution of the IOp concept, its measurement, and provided empirical results on IOp in India based on data from labour forces surveys conducted by National Statistical Office (NSOj. The analysis shows that around one-fifth of the consumption inequality, and one-fourth of income inequality is accounted by unequal circumstances in the country. The findings based on shapely decomposition reveals that parental backgrounds i.e., education and occupation contribute the most in unequal opportunities for regular salaried employment, while gender play a key role in explaining unequal earnings opportunity for casual wage employment, and self-employment. The regression inference tree-based results also indicate that parent's education is the most important variable that determine income or consumption inequality followed by locations (rural-urbanj, and place of birth (regionsj and parents’ occupation in India. – Reproduced
| Item type | Current location | Call number | Vol info | Status | Date due | Barcode |
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Articles
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Indian Institute of Public Administration | 41(1& 2), Jan-Jun, 2022: p.165-183 | Available | AR128429 |
There are growing debates and discussions on limitations of inequality of outcome to explain the widening income inequalities within the country across the world. In this context, the scholars and public policy advocates are taking keen interest in measurement of inequality of opportunity (lOpj, which is based on the philosophical concept of distributive justice. In this article, we have discussed evolution of the IOp concept, its measurement, and provided empirical results on IOp in India based on data from labour forces surveys conducted by National Statistical Office (NSOj. The analysis shows that around one-fifth of the consumption inequality, and one-fourth of income inequality is accounted by unequal circumstances in the country. The findings based on shapely decomposition reveals that parental backgrounds i.e., education and occupation contribute the most in unequal opportunities for regular salaried employment, while gender play a key role in explaining unequal earnings opportunity for casual wage employment, and self-employment. The regression inference tree-based results also indicate that parent's education is the most important variable that determine income or consumption inequality followed by locations (rural-urbanj, and place of birth (regionsj and parents’ occupation in India. – Reproduced
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