Varela, Amelia P. creator text xu| 1995 continuing ng p.37-87 Remarkable changes have been noted in the administrative culture of the Philippine bureaucracy under the last three Presidents, namely, (1) the Macapagal era, 1961-1965; (2) Marcos' rule which is further subdivided into three time periods, (a) 1965-1969, (b) martial law and the New Society, 1969-1981, and (c) the New Republic, 1981-1986; and (3) the Aquino administration during the transition from dictatorship to democracy. Lessons learned from the experience are culled under the following headings: (1) new regime-bureaucracy relations; (2) political control of programs and personnel; (3) administrative culture that may develop as a consequence of (1) & (2); and (4) effects of the administrative culture under the Aquino administration Administrative reform - Philippines Bureaucracy - Philippines Civil service - Philippines Public administration - Philippines Public administration Philippine Journal of Public Administration 180718