Sapkota, B.N. creator text xu| 1997 continuing ng p.43-49 Nepal is a small landlocked country with a population of around 20 million. Nepal had no organized civil service system and its bureaucratic procedures reflected a blend of civil and military systems before the advent of democracy in 1951. The Interim Government Act, 1951 was the first legal instrument to be introduced in the governance system of the country. Since then Nepalese bureaucracy has travelled a long way from being a centralized and discretionary regime to a more decentralized, liberal and rule-of-law regime. In 1956, on the recommendation of the Administrative Reform and Planning Commission (ARPC) efforts were made for the first time to introduce a systems approach in the Nepalese civil service. The Civil Service Act of 1956 was enacted and subsequent rules were introduced. An O & M office and the Civil Service Training Center were established. In 1960, the multi-party system of government was replaced by the partyless Panchayat system, which lacked democratic norms of governance. The Panchayat polity lasted for 30 years. However, during this period efforts to improve the civil service continued. Various reform commissions were constituted at various times. One of the commissions focused on the decentralization of power at the local level. The second commission on administrative reforms emphasized development and people-oriented administration; a quick, responsible and capable bureaucracy; an economical, efficient and strong administration; effective public enterprise management and strong local government. In 1975 yet another commission made recommendations to promote the institutional development of government agencies, especially capacity-building in planning, in project development, and its supervision, and in designing and implementing corresponding monitoring and evaluation systems Bureaucracy - Nepal Administrative reform Asian Review of Public Administration 180718