00913pab a2200169 454500 180718b1999 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d Mander, Harsh Towards direct democracy: the legal empowerment of Gram Sabha 1999 p.2-13 Oct The 73rd Constitutional Aamendment in 1993 for the first time created a statutory imperative for the establishment of legally empowered Gram Sabhas in India. Most state legislatures accordingly provided for the establishment of Gram Sabhas, but the statutes remained vague and half hearted about procedures and powers, and in the absence of political mobilisation and awareness about the potential of Gram Sabhas, they have for the most part remained dysfunctional and unempowered instructions. - Reproduced Rural development Panchayat Kurukshetra 42614 42614 42614 0 0 0 0 IIPA IIPA 2018-07-19 Volume no: 48, Issue no: 1 AR42999 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 AR