02154pab a2200181 454500008004000000100002000040245009200060260000900152300001300161362001200174520158400186650001801770700002001788773003301808909001001841999001701851952010401868180718b1999   xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  aConsidine, Mark  aGovernance at ground level: the frontline bureaucrat in the age of markets and networks  c1999  ap.467-80  aNov-Dec  aMany governments have atempted to reform their public management systems over the past decade. But how do reforms play out at the frontline of government where the work is done? We looked at the impacts of system changes on frontline staff. In an effort to understand the actual work orientations of frontline bureaucrats, we identified four distinctive images of bureaucratic work: procedural bureaucracy, corporate bureaucracy, market bureaucracy, and network bureaucracy. These images each have different foci on the use of goals, relationships with clients, approach to supervision, disciplinary strategies, and relations with other key organizations in their environment. Looking at government, private non-profit, and private for-profit organizations, we found only three distinct images. The distinct market and corporate orientations we proposed merged into a single orientation not previously identified or analyzed in the research literature. We also found considerable variation among frontline bureaucrats in their orientations toward bureaucracy. Practitioners appeared to follow three common repertoires, but these were not determined by the type of organization they worked in. Managers wishing to prioritize frontline work may now identify the key attributes of these alternate approaches and compare them with performance information or use them to assess the training needs of agencies contributing to their programs. Clients and their advocates may also use these results to assess their changing prospects under different bureaucratic conditions. - Reproduced  aCivil service  aLewis, Jenny M.  aPublic Administration Review  a43454  c43454d43454  00104070aIIPAbIIPAd2018-07-19hVolume no: 59, Issue no: 6pAR43849r2018-07-19w2018-07-19yAR