01071pab a2200133 454500008004000000100002100040245006900061260000900130300001300139362000800152520071400160650002100874773004200895180718b1999   xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  aCannon, David R.  aCause or control: the temporal dimension in failure sense-making  c1999  ap.416-38  aDec  aStudies of individual response to failure outcomes have focused on the cognitive processing of proximal experiences. This study examines reactions to failure experiences recalled from memory, employing a multimethod qualitative investigation of a diverse sample of women and men from business, the arts, and athletics. People's memories of negative outcomes were found to trigger strong emotions, affecting sense-making and distorting reasoning. Interpreted from a personal control-avoidance theoretical framework, results indicate that when time is factored in, the illusion of control over the future proves a more compelling way of understanding our past failures than do evaluative judgments. - Reproduced  aAcademic failure  aJournal of Applied Behavioral Science