Cannon, David R. creator text xu| 1999 continuing ng p.416-38 Studies of individual response to failure outcomes have focused on the cognitive processing of proximal experiences. This study examines reactions to failure experiences recalled from memory, employing a multimethod qualitative investigation of a diverse sample of women and men from business, the arts, and athletics. People's memories of negative outcomes were found to trigger strong emotions, affecting sense-making and distorting reasoning. Interpreted from a personal control-avoidance theoretical framework, results indicate that when time is factored in, the illusion of control over the future proves a more compelling way of understanding our past failures than do evaluative judgments. - Reproduced Academic failure Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 180718