<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<record
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd"
    xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">

  <leader>01187nam a22001577a 4500</leader>
  <datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">521187</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">521187</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <controlfield tag="008">221226b           ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d</controlfield>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Cao, Yiming and Chen, Shuo</subfield>
    <subfield code="9">36398</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="245" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Rebel on the canal: Disrupted trade access and social conflict in China, 1650&#x2013;1911</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The American Economic Review  </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">112(5), May, 2022: p.1555-1590</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">This paper examines the effects of the abandonment of China's Grand Canal&#x2014;the world's largest and oldest artificial waterway&#x2014;which served as a disruption to regional trade access. Using an original dataset covering 575 counties over 262 years, we show that the canal's abandonment contributed to the social turmoil that engulfed North China in the nineteenth century. Counties along the canal experienced an additional 117 percent increase in rebelliousness after the canal's closure relative to their non-canal counterparts. Our findings highlight the important role that continued access to trade routes plays in reducing conflict. &#x2013; Reproduced </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Disrupted trade, Social conflict, China</subfield>
    <subfield code="9">36399</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="773" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The American Economic Review  </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="906" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">SOCIAL CONFLICTS</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="942" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">AR</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="0">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="1">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="2">ddc</subfield>
    <subfield code="4">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="7">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="9">395239</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">IIPA</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">IIPA</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2022-12-26</subfield>
    <subfield code="h">112(5), May, 2022: p.1555-1590</subfield>
    <subfield code="p">AR127741</subfield>
    <subfield code="r">2022-12-26</subfield>
    <subfield code="y">AR</subfield>
  </datafield>
</record>
