01708nam a22001577a 4500999001900000008004100019100005400060245009500114260004600209300003200255520108900287773004601376906001401422942000701436952010701443  c523622d523622230914b           ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  aLauth, H.J., Schlenkrich, O. and Lemm, L. 943704  aDifferent types of deficient democracies: Reassessing the relevance of diminished subtypes  aInternational Politic al Science Review    a44(2), Mar, 2023: p.212-229  aTypologies are widely applied tools in democracy research. There are two prominent ways of constructing subtypes of democracies: whereas the classical approach adds traits successively to gain regular subtypes, the radial approach subtracts traits from the concept to obtain diminished subtypes. Conceptually, we argue that radial types have distinct advantages over the classical approach. Diminished subtypes can deal with complex concepts with multiple interrelated dimensions without a clear hierarchy and can account for the gradual nature of political phenomena. We derive three diminished subtypes of democracy: illiberal, inegalitarian and unaccountable democracies. The empirical analysis draws on a customized version of the new Varieties of Democracy dataset. Contrary to the dominating criticism of the radial delusion by the classical approach, an elaborate cluster analysis with a strong focus on validation and robustness checks can identify empirically the deductively proposed diminished subtypes of democracies which could not be demonstrated so far. – Reproduced   aInternational Politic al Science Review    aDEMOCRACY  cAR  00102ddc40709398670aIIPAbIIPAd2023-09-14h44(2), Mar, 2023: p.212-229pAR129527r2023-09-14yAR