Europe’s geoeconomics revolution: How the EU learned to wield its real power
- Foreign Affairs
- 102(5), Sep-Oct, 2023: p. 168-179
The European Union once preached a tripartite gospel; monetary orthodoxy, fiscal austerity, and free flowing trade and guiding from above. That was before its faith in the survival of the liberal economic order was shaken by Chinese mercantilism and, to a lest extent, by the trade wars of US. President Donald Trump. In recent e4yars, and with increasing zeal over the course of the pandemic and the war in Ukraine, the bloc has undergone nothing short of a conversion. Like much of the rest of the world, EU policymakers and politicians now pricy at the altar of geoeconomics. – Reproduced