02394nam a22001457a 4500999001900000008004100019100003300060245010500093260003400198300003300232520183400265773003402099942000702133952010802140  c533037d533037260420b           ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  aFerry, Mathieu et al 960106  aShades of egalité: Educational mobility and ethnoracial hierarchy over three generations in France  aAmerican Sociological Review   a90(6), Dec, 2025: p.985-1020  aThe long-term incorporation of immigrant-origin populations is a crucial question in liberal democracies. While much research has focused on the second generation, less is known about the grandchildren of immigrants. Investigating this “third generation” is key to assessing whether migration societies offer equal opportunity to their members regardless of their origins—that is, whether family background shapes life chances in a similar way among immigrant and native families. Here, we gauge the influence of ethnoracial origins on life chances in the long run by studying trajectories of intergenerational educational mobility among immigrant and native families over three generations. Our study is set in France, a major country of immigration in Europe, where a national narrative of immigrant integration and equality across ethnic origins has long prevailed. We show substantial catching up in educational attainment and higher social fluidity in immigrant families, for whom the grandparental educational starting point was very low. The grandchildren of Southern European immigrants converge with natives in their mobility patterns, suggesting equal opportunities. Despite a partial convergence, the grandchildren of North African immigrants experience a distinct mobility regime and enduring educational disadvantage. Altogether, our results suggest the existence of an ethnoracial hierarchy, whereby Southern European families experience educational destinies broadly comparable to those of natives, while ethnoracial origins durably shape the educational trajectories of North African families.-Reproduced 


https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00031224251391760?_gl=1*765nig*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTIxNjEwNDU1NS4xNzc2Njc2MDIx*_ga_60R758KFDG*czE3NzY2NzYwMjEkbzEkZzEkdDE3
NzY2NzYwNDQkajM3JGwwJGgyMzE2MDcyNTg.  aAmerican Sociological Review   cAR  00102ddc40709408208aIIPAbIIPAd2026-04-20h90(6), Dec, 2025: p.985-1020pAR138549r2026-04-20yAR