<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mods xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" version="3.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-1.xsd">
  <titleInfo>
    <title>The Frozen constituency: Delayed delimitation and denied representation of SCs and STs</title>
  </titleInfo>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Narayan, Kishan and Pradeep, Anagha</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
  <originInfo>
    <place>
      <placeTerm type="text">Economic &amp; Political Weekly</placeTerm>
    </place>
    <issuance>monographic</issuance>
  </originInfo>
  <language>
    <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
  </language>
  <physicalDescription>
    <form authority="marcform">print</form>
    <extent> 61(23), Jun 6, 2026: p.42-47</extent>
  </physicalDescription>
  <abstract>The Indian Constitution’s promise of proportional political representation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes has been systematically undermined by the delimitation freeze imposed in 1976. Our analysis, drawing on census data, population projections, and counterfactual modelling, quantifies a staggering representation deficit. A mere unfreezing of the process is insufficient. A legitimate redressal requires a two-pronged approach: implementing a one-time corrective to bridge the historical SC/ST representation gap and reformulating Parliament to address federal concerns. – Reproduced 

https://www.epw.in/journal/2026/23/perspectives/frozen-constituency.html
</abstract>
  <relatedItem type="host">
    <name>
      <namePart>Economic &amp; Political Weekly </namePart>
    </name>
  </relatedItem>
  <recordInfo>
    <recordCreationDate encoding="marc">260624</recordCreationDate>
  </recordInfo>
</mods>
