TY  - BOOK
AU  - Kaur, Sandeep  Kadian, Himanshu Singh and Singh, Mankirat  
TI  - The unequal burden of groundwater depletion in Punjab
CY  - Economic & Political Weekly 
N2  - The primary data analysis from groundwater-stressed districts of Punjab reveals an inverse relationship between operational landholding size and groundwater productivity. Marginal farmers achieve significantly higher irrigation water productivity, recording 3.32 kg/m³ for wheat and 0.60 kg/m³ for paddy, compared to large farmers who record only 1.71 kg/m³ and 0.29 kg/m³, respectively. Large farmers, equipped with deep tube wells and high-powered motor pumps, extract groundwater at a scale that marginal farmers cannot match. Also, access to minimum support price to water-intensive crops, free electricity and deep tube wells incentives inefficient use.- Reproduced 

https://www.epw.in/journal/2026/26-27/special-articles/unequal-burden-groundwater-depletion-punjab.html

BR  - AR1396410
ER  -