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  <controlfield tag="008">180718b2005   xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d</controlfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Sancton, Andrew</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="245" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The governance of metropolitan areas in Canada</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">2005</subfield>
  </datafield>
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    <subfield code="a">p.317-27.</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="362" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Oct</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">This  article briefly examines five significant Canadian developments with respect to the governance of metropolitan areas: annexations and mergers such that there is one main municipal government for the metropolitan areas, two-tier metropolitan government, the amalgamation of two-tier metropolitan systems into a single municipality, demergers in Quebec, and the creation of flexible and innovative entities for metropolitan governance. Special attention is paid to the greater Toronto area, a continuous built-up urban area that transcends at least three metropolitan areas as defined by Statistics Canada. In the absence of any authority covering the entire metropolitan area, it now appears that the Ontario provincial government is becoming the key policy maker. As an example of a flexible and innovative form of metropolitan governance, the greater Vancouver regional district merits attention elsewhere in the world. Canada's experiences with so many different institutional arrangements in recent years means that there is much to be learnt from their obvious failures and occasional successes. - Reproduced.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Local government - Canada</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Local government</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Public Administration and Development</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">67440</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">67440</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">67440</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">IIPA</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">IIPA</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2018-07-19</subfield>
    <subfield code="h">Volume no: 25, Issue no: 4</subfield>
    <subfield code="p">AR67896</subfield>
    <subfield code="r">2018-07-19</subfield>
    <subfield code="w">2018-07-19</subfield>
    <subfield code="y">AR</subfield>
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