01446pab a2200169 454500 180718b2008 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d Xu Yi-Chong `To be, but not to be seen': exploring the impact of international civil servants 2008 p.35-51. International civil servants (ICS) are largely excluded from the analysis of International Organizations (IOs) because states are assumed to be the determining force in shaping their behaviour. Even principal-agent and constructivist analyses often treat an IO's staff as a unit and are concerned primarily with states' capacities to control IOs. Examining the opportunities of ICS, rather than the choices of states, provides a better means of understanding the capacities of ICS to contribute to the operation of IOs, and especially when they participate in multilateral negotiations. We suggest that structure, competence, legitimacy and culture provide a framework for analysis ICS variable capacity. We use the Secretariat of the WTO, known as a `member-driven organization', to illustrate how ICS can play a critical role in achieving the IO's objectives. A word on our title. It comes from Esse, non videri in the original, as quoted by a director at the WTO in an interview in April 2003. - Reproduced. Civil service Weller, Patrick Public Administration N 77879 77879 77879 0 0 0 0 IIPA IIPA 2018-07-19 Volume no: 86, Issue no: 1 AR78339 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 AR