01501pab a2200169 454500 180718b2012 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d Hood, Christopher Public management by numbers as a performance - enhancing drug: Two hypotheses 2012 p.S85-S92. Nov-Dec ﾓPublic management by numbersﾔ has experienced an international policy boom in recent decades, and big claims have been made about its performance-enhancing effects. But it is hard to assess such claims systematically, even though we can find dramatic anecdotes of cases in which management by numbers seems to have had performance-weakening as well as performance-enhancing effects. In an attempt to build on studies that have gone beyond critiquing the statistical validity and reliability of performance numbers for public services, this article develops two hypotheses about performance enhancement, arguing that (1) the performance-enhancing (or -obstructing) effects of management by numbers will vary according towhether the numbers are used for the purposes of targets, rankings, or ﾓintelligence,ﾔ and (2) the performance-enhancing (or -obstructing) effects of those three applications will vary according to the culture in which they operate, working differently in hierarchist, egalitarian, individualist, and fatalist settings. - Rep Public administration Public Administration Review N 98755 98754 98754 0 0 0 0 IIPA IIPA 2018-07-19 Volume no: 72, Issue no: S1 AR99215 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 AR