000			01719pab a2200181 454500
008			180718b2014 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aJalalzai, Farida
245			_aGender, presidencies, and Prime Ministerships in Europe: are women gaining ground?
260			_c2014
300			_a577-594.
362			_aNov
520			_aTo what extent have women made progress in attaining presidential and prime ministerial positions in Europe? We might expect women in this region to have made significant strides in executive office holding, given the more favorable political, cultural, and social conditions women face. At the same time, Europe is not monolithic. The diversity within one large region allows not only for an assessment of the conditions best facilitating women's executive incorporation but also the ability to scrutinize the degree to which they exercise more substantial powers. While Europe boasts the greatest numbers of women executives to date, women face many limits in the type of positions they occupy and powers afforded their offices, although important exceptions surface. Statistically, women's success relates to dual executive structures. Likewise critical is the pipeline from which future leaders are recruited. Prospects for women leaders in Eastern Europe appear less auspicious than for their West European counterparts, further demonstrating women's uneven advances. Numbers, pathways, and political clout shape women's advancement in this historically male preserve, resulting in mixed progress overall. - Reproduced.
650			_aPresidents
650			_aPrime ministers
650			_aWomen in politics
773			_aInternational Political Science Review
909			_a107401
999			_c107396 _d107396