000			01218pab a2200193 454500
008			180718b2001 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aGordon, Alec
245			_aContract labour in rubber plantations: impact of smallholders in colonial South-East Asia
260			_c2001
300			_ap.847-60
362			_a10 Mar
520			_aThe rubber boom in colonial south-east Asia was followed by the arrival in increasing numbers of indentured labour from other colonised areas, mainly India, to serve in the larger-scale plantations. Despite the gradual abolition of indentured labour, the contract system that took its place, perpetuated the workers' exploitation, albeit in a different manner. Free labour would arrive only with independence. Independence would also see the formation of the first labour organisations, the end of long-distance recruitment and also released the long-suffering smallholder from any restraints on production and land use. - Reproduced
650			_aEmployment - South East Asia
650			_aLabour - South East Asia
650			_aConditions of employment - South East Asia
650			_aConditions of employment
773			_aEconomic and Political Weekly
909			_a47862
999			_c47862 _d47862