000			01921nam a22001577a 4500
999			_c514916 _d514916
008			210102b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aSimmons, Michaela Christy _922001
245			_aBecoming wards of the state: Race, crime, and childhood in the struggle for foster care integration, 1920s to 1960s
260			_aAmerican Sociological Review
300			_a85(2), Apr, 2020: p.199-222
520			_aUsing archival materials from the Domestic Relations Court of New York City, this article traces the conflict between private institutions and the state over responsibility for neglected African American children in the early twentieth century. After a long history of exclusion by private child welfare, the court assumed public responsibility for the protection of children of all races. Yet, in an arrangement of delegated governance, judges found themselves unable to place non-white children because of the enduring exclusionary policies of private agencies. When the situation became critical, the City sought to wrest control from private agencies by developing a supplemental public foster care system. This compromise over responsibility racialized the developing public foster care system of New York City, and it transformed frameworks of child protection as a social problem. The findings highlight the political salience surrounding issues of racial access in the delegated welfare state. Tracing how the conflict over access unfolded in New York City child protection provides an empirical case for understanding how the delegation of social welfare to private agencies can actually weaken racial integration efforts, generate distinct modes of social welfare inclusion, and racialize perceptions of social problems. - Reproduced
650			_aFoster care, Race, Criminalization, Delegated welfare state _919926
773			_aAmerican Sociological Review
906			_aCHILD WELFARE
942			_cAR