000			01606nam a22001577a 4500
999			_c521094 _d521094
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100			_aKulkarni, Arunkumar R. _936227
245			_aRural sanitation in India: Policies, programmes and achievements
260			_aIndian Journal of Public Administration
300			_a68(4), Dec, 2022: p.691-704
520			_aRecognising the importance of sanitation in human development, several policies and programmes have been formulated and implemented to provide sanitation in India since independence. Despite many efforts, the provision of sanitation, especially in rural areas, has been a challenging task. In this context, the article tries to analyse the evolution of policies and performance of programmes based on the available literature implemented after Independence. It also examines whether the policymakers have taken into account the past lessons while formulating the policy or programme. The analysis reveals that there has been a progressive move in the policies and programmes towards the participatory, decentralised and sustainable management of sanitation. Implementation has been the main problem, but in recent years, more attention has been given in this direction. Even after having much success in achieving sanitation, that is, 100% access to toilets, still, many more challenges persist, especially in terms of sustainability and waste management.- Reproduced
650			_aSanitation, Health, Rural, Open defecation, Toilet. _934336
773			_aIndian Journal of Public Administration
906			_aSANITATION
942			_cAR