000			01330nam a22001457a 4500
999			_c525322 _d525322
008			240222b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aAhlquist, John S. and Downey, Mitch _950058
245			_aThe effects of import competition on unionization
260			_aAmerican Economic Journal: Economic Policy
300			_a15(4), Nov, 2023: p.359-389
520			_aWe study direct and indirect effects of Chinese import competition on union membership in the United States, 1990–2014. Import competition in manufacturing induced a modest decline in unionization within manufacturing industries. The magnitude is small because unionized manufacturers competed in higher-quality product segments. Manufacturers in right-to-work states experienced more direct competition with low-quality Chinese imports. Outside of manufacturing, however, import competition causes an important increase in union membership, as less educated women shift away from retail and toward jobs in health care and education where unions are stronger. We calculate that Chinese imports prevented 26 percent of the union density decline that would have otherwise occurred.- Reproduced https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/pol.20200709
773			_aAmerican Economic Journal: Economic Policy
906			_aINTERNATIONAL TRADE
942			_cAR