000			01823nam a22001577a 4500
999			_c527027 _d527027
008			240730b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aSharma, Priyanka _955932
245			_aFrontiersmen in imperial Delhi: Regulating Afghans and their moneylending, 1912-49
260			_aThe Indian Economic and Social History Review
300			_a61(2), Apr-Jun, 2024: p.203-229
520			_aThis article traces the complex regulatory efforts directed at Afghans in colonial Delhi to control or distance them from the imperial capital. To the colonial authorities, the Afghan moneylenders who operated within the expanding new imperial capital, providing their services to government employees as well as the growing population, appeared as a new problem in the city. The colonial authorities viewed the Afghan moneylender as a typical ‘goonda’ contributing to disorder. The imperial and provincial administration discussed the possibilities of deportations, extended extraordinary legislation (Goonda Act, 1937) and used high-handed practices to deal with this ‘menace’. Being foreign subjects, the Afghans resisted these regulatory measures by involving the Afghan consulate to defend their socio-economic rights in British India. The need to avoid friction with the Afghan government amidst tensions at the frontier was an enduring consideration when dealing with Afghan moneylenders, especially after the creation of the new nation-state of India.-Reproduced https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00194646241241670
650			_aAfghan Moneylenders, Colonial Delhi, British India, Goonda Act, Deportation, Urban Regulation, Afghan Consulate, Foreign Subjects, Frontier Diplomacy _955933
773			_aThe Indian Economic and Social History Review
906			_aINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
942			_cAR