000			01271nam a22001457a 4500
999			_c527563 _d527563
008			240905b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aMina, Christian D. and Imai, Katsushi S. _957898
245			_aEstimation of vulnerability to poverty using a multilevel longitudinal model: Evidence from the Philippines
260			_aThe Journal of Development Studies
300			_a 53(12), Dec, 2017: p.2118-2144
520			_aUsing the panel data for the Philippines in 2003–2009, we estimate a three-level random coefficient model to measure household vulnerability and to decompose it into idiosyncratic and covariate components. We correct heterogeneity bias using Bell and Jones’s ‘within-between’ formulation. A majority of the poor and 18 per cent of the non-poor are found to be vulnerable to unobservable shocks, while both groups of households are more susceptible to idiosyncratic shocks than to covariate shocks. Adequate safety nets should be provided for vulnerable households that lack access to infrastructure, or are larger in size with more dependents and less-educated heads.- Reproduced https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00220388.2016.1265942
773			_aThe Journal of Development Studies
906			_aPOVERTY
942			_cAR