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100			_aEntress, Rebecca Dougherty, Ratna B. and Knox,Claire Connolly _956234
245			_a Barriers to evacuating: A study on administrative burdens to special needs shelters
260			_aThe American Review of Public Administration
300			_a55(4), May, 2025: p.318-332
520			_aEmergencies, such as extreme weather events, require residents to evacuate for their safety. Past research suggests that administrative burdens—compliance, learning, and psychological costs—can impact the likelihood of evacuations to shelters. These burdens disproportionately impact socially vulnerable populations and create social equity issues. Florida operates special needs shelters to provide safe environments and basic assistance to individuals needing higher levels of care and supervision and ensure that special medical needs are met during an evacuation. Using data from 23 county after-action reports from Hurricane Irma, this article examines administrative burdens faced by individuals evacuating to special needs shelters. Although residents faced all three types of administrative burdens, psychological costs were most common, especially among counties with high social vulnerability. Based on the results, recommendations are provided for public administrators and emergency managers to reduce these administrative burdens when evacuating to special needs shelters during future emergencies.- Reproduced • https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/02750740241302830
650			_aAdministrative Burden, Shelter, Evacuation, and hurricane. _956233
773			_aThe American Review of Public Administration
942			_cAR