000			01501pab a2200169 454500
008			180718b2012 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aHood, Christopher
245			_aPublic management by numbers as a performance - enhancing drug: Two hypotheses
260			_c2012
300			_ap.S85-S92.
362			_aNov-Dec
520			_aﾓPublic management by numbersﾔ has experienced an international policy boom in recent decades, and big claims have been made about its performance-enhancing effects. But it is hard to assess such claims systematically, even though we can find dramatic anecdotes of cases in which management by numbers seems to have had performance-weakening as well as performance-enhancing effects. In an attempt to build on studies that have gone beyond critiquing the statistical validity and reliability of performance numbers for public services, this article develops two hypotheses about performance enhancement, arguing that (1) the performance-enhancing (or -obstructing) effects of management by numbers will vary according towhether the numbers are used for the purposes of targets, rankings, or ﾓintelligence,ﾔ and (2) the performance-enhancing (or -obstructing) effects of those three applications will vary according to the culture in which they operate, working differently in hierarchist, egalitarian, individualist, and fatalist settings. - Rep
650			_aPublic administration
773			_aPublic Administration Review
908			_aN
909			_a98755
999			_c98754 _d98754