Formal credit and persistent constraints: Revisiting access to finance among INDIAN enterprises
By: Danish, Mohd Shadab and Bhanumurthy, N.R
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Material type: 
BookPublisher: Economic & Political Weekly Description: 61(16), Apr 18, 2026: p.65-73.
In:
Economic & Political WeeklySummary: Access to finance remains a central concern in developing economies, such as India, where resource gaps constrain economic activity. Using World Bank Enterprise Surveys (2014, 2022), this paper examines institutional credit access among Indian small and medium enterprises. Generalised estimating equations logit estimates show no significant improvement over time; firms in 2022 were about 12 percentage points less likely to access credit than in 2014. Female-managed firms, exporters, and SMEs exhibit higher access, while micro-firms remain excluded. Women-led firms report borrowing costs as a key constraint. The findings highlight a dual challenge: expanding credit access and reducing transaction and compliance burdens.-Reproduced
https://www.epw.in/journal/indias-industrial-transformation/formal-credit-and-persistent-constraints.html
| Item type | Current location | Call number | Vol info | Status | Date due | Barcode |
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Articles
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Indian Institute of Public Administration | 61(16), Apr 18, 2026: p.65-73 | Available | AR138771 |
Access to finance remains a central concern in developing economies, such as India, where resource gaps constrain economic activity. Using World Bank Enterprise Surveys (2014, 2022), this paper examines institutional credit access among Indian small and medium enterprises. Generalised estimating equations logit estimates show no significant improvement over time; firms in 2022 were about 12 percentage points less likely to access credit than in 2014. Female-managed firms, exporters, and SMEs exhibit higher access, while micro-firms remain excluded. Women-led firms report borrowing costs as a key constraint. The findings highlight a dual challenge: expanding credit access and reducing transaction and compliance burdens.-Reproduced
https://www.epw.in/journal/indias-industrial-transformation/formal-credit-and-persistent-constraints.html
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